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Bose
Einstein-Condensate
As we know,
there are seven states of Matter named Solids, Liquids, Gases, Ionized Plasma,
Quark-Gluon Plasma, Bose-Einstein Condensate
and Fermionic condensate. Bose Einstein is fifth state of matter which is
typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to
temperatures very close to absolute zero.
Bose-Einstein Condensate is that state of Matter in which
separate atoms or subatomic particles get cooled to near absolute Zero Temperature
amalgamate (unite) into a single quantum mechanical entity.
The two
examples of Bose Einstein-Condensate are Superconductors and Superfluids.
Description
of Bose Einstein-Condensate
This state
is observed in spaced we talk about it in our next paragraphs, at here we
discuss about its structure it looks like a lump in the bottom of the magnetic
bowl, it look likes a drop of water which condensing out of damp air onto a
cold bowl. Sometimes, it look likes a bit like inside a strawberry.
It is very
very dilute gas while it’s big enough to see in principle and it doesn’t
scatter light hardly enough to be visible.
Discovery
and Progress of Bose Einstein-Condensate
Satyandra Nath Bose (Indian) was first who sent paper to Einstein
on photons in which he derived planck’s quantum radiation law without any
reference to classical physics. Einstein was impressed and translated that
paper into German which was published in 1924, Einstein extend Bose ideas to
matter in 2 other papers by which he developed the concept of Bose Gas governed
by Bose- Einstein statistics and formed Bosons that’s why this state of matter was named by Bose because it was first
discovered by Satyendra Nath Bose and total credit given to both Einstein and
Satyendra Nath Bose.
On June
1995, the first gaseous condensate was produced by Eric Cornell and Carl Wiema at
the University of Colorado at Boulder NIST-JILA lab in a gas of rubidium atoms
cooled to 170 nanokelvins. Wolfgang Ketterle at MIT realized BEC in a gas of
Sodium Atoms.
Bose
Einstein-Condensate Seen For first time in Space
We
aware with all other
states of matter because we seen them and we can easily classify them For
example: If someone asks us about Is it solid, liquid or gas? so we can easily
give answer but if someone ask us that is this Bose-Einstein Condensate so we
have’nt any answer because we never seen it and we have’nt any knowledge
regarding Bose-Einstein Condensate because
Its theory was given by many Scientists but its exact knowledge about its
structure was still unknown, but on Thursaday we got one news that Bose-Einstein Condensate was seen in
Space by our NASA scientists.
This
discovery helps to solve some of the quantum universe’s most intractable
conundrums, It contain vital clues to mysterious phenomena such as Dark Energy
( unknown energy, Universe’s accelerating expansion). On Thursday a team of NASA scientists unveiled the first
results from BEC experiments aboard the International Space Station, where
particles can be manipulated free from Earthly constraints.
If new update will come on Bose-Einstein Condensate so I will upload here.
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